Crack

Crack

Definition

A crack is a visible break or fissure in the continuity of a surface, often caused by age, expansion and contraction, temperature changes, relative humidity fluctuations, or other environmental factors. Cracks can appear in paintings, prints, wood frames, and other art surfaces.

Causes

• Environmental stress: Rapid changes in temperature or relative humidity can cause materials to expand or contract unevenly.
• Age and natural degradation: Over time, organic materials such as wood, canvas, or paper become brittle and more prone to cracking.
• Structural stress: Tension in stretched canvases or improper mounting can produce cracks.
• Improper materials or techniques: Incompatible paints, adhesives, or finishes may lead to cracking as materials age.

Impact on Artwork

• Reduces aesthetic quality by disrupting the visual continuity of the piece.
• May indicate underlying structural or material problems that require conservation.
• Can allow dust, pollutants, or moisture to penetrate and further degrade the artwork.

Prevention and Care

• Maintain stable temperature and relative humidity in storage and display areas.
• Use archival-quality materials for mounting, matting, and framing.
• Handle artwork gently and avoid excessive tension on surfaces like canvas or paper.
• Consult a professional conservator if cracks appear, especially in valuable or historic pieces.

Related Terms

• Crazing
• Delamination
• Lifting
• Blister