Definition: Mold is a type of fungus that grows in damp, humid conditions, producing enzymes that dissolve or degrade the host material. In the context of framing and preservation, mold can severely damage artwork, mats, and backing boards, as well as pose health risks.

Overview

Mold growth occurs when organic materials-such as paper, textiles, and wood-are exposed to moisture and inadequate ventilation. Spores can spread quickly, making early detection and control essential. Mold not only causes staining, discoloration, and weakening of materials but may also continue to spread if conditions remain favorable.

Causes

High relative humidity (generally above 65%).
Poor ventilation in enclosed environments.
Water damage from leaks, floods, or condensation.
Trapped moisture in sealed framing packages or storage.

Identification

Appears as black, green, white, or brown fuzzy or slimy growth.
Accompanied by a musty odor.
Commonly seen on paper, fabric, wood, and organic glues.

Risks

Permanent staining and structural weakening of artwork.
Degradation of framing materials such as mats and backing boards.
Potential health hazards from inhaling mold spores.

Best Practices for Prevention

Maintain controlled environments with relative humidity between 40-55%.
Ensure adequate airflow and ventilation in storage and display areas.
Use archival, acid-free, and non-organic framing materials when possible.
Inspect stored artwork regularly for early signs of growth.
Avoid sealing in moisture by carefully monitoring micro-environments in frames.

Treatment and Handling

Isolate affected artwork immediately to prevent cross-contamination.
Consult a professional conservator for safe cleaning and remediation.
Never attempt to remove mold with household cleaners, as this may worsen the damage.

Mold