Water Gilded

Water Gilded

Definition

Water Gilded refers to a traditional and highly refined gilding process in which multiple layers of bole clay (a fine, colored clay mixed with animal glue) are applied to a substrate, typically wood. Once the bole is smoothed and polished, the gilder wets the surface with water or a water-based solution to temporarily reactivate the adhesive qualities of the bole. Metal leaf-most commonly gold leaf-is then laid over the moistened surface and later burnished with an agate stone to achieve a luminous, mirror-like finish.

Process

1. Surface preparation: Wood is sealed with a gesso layer (glue and chalk mixture) to create a smooth, receptive surface.
2. Application of bole: Thin layers of bole clay are brushed on, often in red, yellow, or black tones, depending on the desired undertone of the gilding.
3. Activation with water: Before laying the metal leaf, the bole is dampened with water, reactivating its adhesive properties.
4. Leaf application: Gold or other metal leaf is carefully applied over the damp bole.
5. Burnishing: Once dry, the leaf is polished with an agate burnisher, creating a brilliant sheen and depth unmatched by other gilding methods.

Characteristics

• Produces a highly reflective and luminous finish when burnished.
• Durable and long-lasting when properly executed.
• Traditional appearance, often seen in fine art frames, furniture, and religious icons.
• More labor-intensive and fragile during the process compared to oil gilding.

Applications

• High-end picture frames and mirrors.
• Liturgical art and architectural ornamentation.
• Restoration of antiques and historically significant works.
• Luxury furniture and decorative arts.

Best Practices

• Work in a dust-free, humidity-controlled environment for best adhesion and finish.
• Use high-quality bole clays and animal glues for authentic results.
• Always handle gold leaf with gilders' tools, such as a gilder's tip, to prevent damage.
• Test burnishing pressure gradually-too much force can tear or shift the leaf.
• Apply protective sealants only when appropriate; some traditional gilders prefer the natural finish without coatings.

Related Terms

• Gold Leaf
• Patina
• Rub N Buff
• Liberon