Abrasions

Abrasions (Surface Damage to Artwork or Materials)

Overview

An abrasion refers to the loss of media or surface material caused by rubbing, scraping, or scuffing. In the context of artwork, photographs, and framed items, abrasions often result in visible damage that may appear as scratches, rubbed areas, or dull spots. While sometimes minor, abrasions can significantly diminish both the visual appeal and long-term value of a piece if left untreated.

Causes of Abrasions

Abrasions occur when surfaces experience friction or direct contact with another object. Common causes include:

• Handling damage: Frequent or careless touching of artwork or mat surfaces.
• Improper storage: Artwork stacked without protective materials between layers.
• Friction during transport: Sliding or rubbing against other objects.
• Glazing contact: Artwork pressed too tightly against glass or acrylic inside a frame.
• Environmental factors: Dust particles or grit rubbing against delicate surfaces.

Appearance of Abrasions

The severity of an abrasion depends on the material affected and the depth of the damage. Typical signs include:

• Loss of surface media (paint, ink, photographic emulsion, etc.)
• Rough or scuffed texture
• Dull or discolored patches compared to surrounding areas
• Visible scratches or scuff lines

Prevention of Abrasions

• Proper Handling: Always handle artwork by its edges and use clean, dry hands or cotton gloves.
• Protective Materials: Use acid-free tissue, glassine, or Mylar sleeves when storing or transporting items.
• Framing Practices: Ensure mats provide spacing between the artwork and glazing to avoid surface contact.
• Secure Storage: Avoid stacking unprotected works on top of each other.

Treatment and Conservation

Repairing abrasions can be challenging, especially if the damage has removed original material. Depending on severity, treatments may include:

• Surface cleaning: Removing dust and debris that exaggerate the damaged area.
• Inpainting: Professional conservators may retouch areas of lost pigment or media.
• Protective framing: Reframing with archival mats and spacers to prevent further damage.

Note: Abrasions on valuable or historical works should always be assessed and treated by a professional conservator.

Best Practices

• Handle all works of art with the same care as fragile antiques, even if they appear durable.
• When framing, never allow artwork to directly touch glazing materials.
• Store works in a clean, dust-free environment to reduce abrasion risks from particles.
• Seek professional conservation before attempting any repair on valuable works.

Related Terms

• Crease
• Dent
• Tear
• Indentation