Definition: Moulding is the structural component of a picture frame, typically made from wood, metal, or synthetic materials, that is cut and joined to create the frame. It serves to hold and protect the contents of the frame, including artwork, mats, glazing, and backing board, while providing aesthetic value through its profile, finish, and decorative elements.

Overview

Mouldings vary in width, depth, profile, and material to accommodate different types of artwork and display preferences. They are often chosen for both functional and decorative reasons, as they provide the necessary support for the artwork while complementing its visual presentation.

Materials

Wood: Traditional choice, including hardwoods like oak, maple, cherry, and mahogany. Offers durability and the ability to carve or apply decorative finishes.
Metal: Typically aluminum or brass; used for modern, minimalist, or industrial designs. Provides a sleek profile and strong structural support.
Composite and Synthetic: Includes MDF, polyurethane, and other engineered materials that can mimic wood or metal finishes at a lower cost.

Profiles and Design

The shape or profile of a moulding affects both the frame's structural capacity and its visual impact. Profiles can be flat, rounded, L-shaped, or feature intricate inlays, fluting, or carved designs. Decorative elements like fillets, grooves, or applied ornamentation enhance the frame's aesthetic appeal.

Cutting and Joining

Mouldings are typically cut at precise angles, most commonly 45� miters, to form corners. They may be joined using various techniques such as butt joints, lap joints, spline joints, dovetail keys, or mortise and tenon for enhanced structural integrity.

Function in Framing

Holds the artwork securely in place along with mats, glass, and backing.
Protects the edges and surface of the artwork from physical damage and environmental factors.
Provides visual emphasis, complementing the artwork's style and enhancing presentation.

Moulding